Dislocation mechanisms and 3D twin architectures generate

3d twinA dital twin is a 3D model of a physical entity like a building or city, but with live, continuous data updating its functions and processes in real time, providing a means for analyzingAbstract. In this article, we propose a 3D mobile crowdsensing (3D-MCS) framework aimed at sustainable urban dital twins (UDTs). The framework comprises four key mechanisms: